The review is offered on the basis of the new data on epidemiological research, pathogenesis, and diagnostics coeliac disease (enteropathy induced by gluten). The molecules DQ2 and DQ8 are involved in the development of the illness, with participation enzyme tissue transglutaminase. Polymorphic character of disease; plenty of the sub clinical forms and intraintestinal displays of illness, the heavy complications and successful treatment make the diagnosis of coeliac disease urgent. The new algorithm of diagnostics is offered, in which as a screening test, uses definition of antibodies to tissue transglutaminase.